"Personality may be viewed as consisting of stable characteristics that's explain why a person behaves in a particular way. so, for instance, Independence, conscientiousness, agreeableness and self- control would be examples of these personality characteristics".
The Nature approach to personality- Heredity
People scientifically have the same eye colours passed down, hair colour, hair loss and decease's etc. The nature theory looks at personality genes passed down such anger, intelligence and sexual orientation.
The Nurture approach to personality- Environmental
Those who follow this approach believe that heredity factors do not exist, but a persons upbringing and their environmental factors determine a persons personality and their likes and dislikes.
Nomothetic approach
These are characteristics that can be seen and described, they are used well for those training in jobs, for teachers in schools and universities in the development of an individual. This ties in very well to the nature approach of heredity factors. Scientists look closely at a persons DNA, genetics and biology.
"Nomothetic researchers closely allign themselves to studies that "scientific" in a positivitic sense".
Idiographic approach
"Idiographic approaches are concerned with understanding the uniqueness of individuals and the development of the self- concept".
This views sees that the enviroment, the way a person lives daily, their work, responses etc determin their personality. This is very different to the Nomothetic view as this is not science based but looks more to every day life that can changes due to different situations.
The Nature and Nomothetic view tie in together well as they both look at characteristics that are passed down from generations and that will remain to be passed down. They look at science, statistical studies etc. Nuture and Idiographic view do not focus on science and genetics but more on the enviroment. social habits, the people around them etc.
From looking at both views, it is hard to determin which appraoch is more dominant and more important. Genetics and heredity factors play a big part in everyone, everyone has inherited something from their parents or grandparents, e.g. hair colour, bad temper or a high intelligence level. where as on the other side, a persons upbringing can play a large part of who they become as they grow older. For example if a child has a rough upbringing, in a rough area with one parent they will most probably harbour lots of agression when they are older as they have experienced a bad childhood. Also a persons company can determin their personality as this can change at any point in life.
Both Approaches link together as what a person inherits cannot be prevented, genetics cannot be stopped, but sometimes in some cases can be changed due to the image we want the people around us etc, such as hair colour can be dyed, or coloured contact to changed eye colour. Intelligence can be inherited from a parent but a bad atmosphere, bad schooling and bad company can change this. Therefore in my findings, I would say that it is difficult to establish which approach is more dominant.
After conducting a personality test on myself I found the results to be:
Openness- medium
conscientiousness- medium
Extroversion- High
Agreeable- Medium
neurotic ism- High
References
- Mullins, L. (2010) Management & Organisational Behaviour. 9th ed. Essex: Prentice Hall
- Powell, k. (201 1) Nature vs Nuture [Online]. About.com. Available from: http://genealogy.about.com/cs/geneticgenealogy/a/nature_nurture_2.htm [Accessed on 10 May 2011]
- Unknown. (2011) Difference between Nature and Nurture [Online]. Difference between. Available from: http://www.differencebetween.net/miscellaneous/difference-between-nature-and-nurture/ [Accessed on 11 May 2011]
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